Fractionalization patterns in strongly correlated electron systems: Spin-charge separation and beyond

Microscopic models for fractionalized phases in strongly correlated systems

We construct explicit examples of microscopic models that stabilize a variety of fractionalized phases of strongly correlated systems in a spatial dimension larger than one, and in a zero external magnetic field. These include models of charge fractionalization in boson-only systems, and various kinds of spin-charge separation in electronic systems. We determine the excitation spectrum, and sho...

Fractionalization and confinement in the U ( 1 ) and Z 2 gauge theories of strongly correlated systems

Recently, we have elucidated the physics of electron fractionalization in strongly interacting electron systems using a Z2 gauge theory formulation. Here we discuss the connection with the earlier U(1) gauge theory approaches based on the slave boson mean field theory. In particular, we identify the relationship between the holons and Spinons of the slave-boson theory and the true physical exci...

Aharonov-bohm Effect in Luttinger Liquid and Beyond*

In systems with the spin-charge separation, the period of the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) oscillation becomes half of the flux quantum. This effect is at least related to the fact that for the creation of the holons (spinons) are needed two electrons. The effect is illustrated on the example of the Hubbard Hamiltonian with the aid of the bosonization including topological numbers and exists also in the ...

Charge and Spin Fractionalization in Strongly Correlated 1D Systems

gauge theory of electron fractionalization in strongly correlated systems

We develop a new theoretical framework for describing and analyzing exotic phases of strongly correlated electrons which support excitations with fractional quantum numbers. Starting with a class of microscopic models believed to capture much of the essential physics of the cuprate superconductors, we derive a new gauge theory—based upon a discrete Ising or Z2 symmetry—which interpolates natura...